中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园机构知识库

Abstract In southern Africa, human and wildlife interactions have significantly increased over the past decade, resulting in complex conservation conflicts. As humans and wildlife share space, stakeholder engagement becomes a critical component of wildlife management and transformative conservation. We analysed the conservation conflicts in the Save Valley Conservancy (SVC) in south‐eastern Zimbabwe. Data were collected between April and May 2020 through focus group discussions and interviews with purposively sampled informants. Qualitative and quantitative research methods were adopted in this study. The results revealed that the absence of an effective, inclusive, integrated multi‐cross‐sectional stakeholder engagement plan is a primary contributing factor to conservation conflicts in the SVC. In conclusion, our study found that community participation in land use decision‐making is limited within the SVC, and this is a general lack of consensus among the community members on viable land use options. This study proposes an integrated, cross‐sectional stakeholder working framework that not only informs conservation practitioners but also fully addresses the prevailing conservation conflict scenarios. These conflicts emanate from the exclusion of humans from protected areas and the encroachment of wildlife in human settlements. 摘要 在非洲南部,人类与野生动物的接触在过去十年中显著增加,导致了复杂的保护冲突。由于人类与野生动物生存空间的重叠,利益相关方的参与成为野生动物管理和变革性保护的关键之一。本研究分析了在津巴布韦东南部Save Valley Conservancy (SVC) 内发生的保护冲突。在2020年4月至5月期间,通过定性和定量的研究方法,对目标人群展开专题小组讨论和访谈。研究结果表明,缺乏利益相关方有效、广泛和综合地参与计划是造成SVC保护冲突的主要因素。研究发现,在SVC,社区参与土地利用决策的程度有限,社区成员普遍对可行的土地利用方案缺乏共识。本研究提出了一个综合的、跨利益相关方的工作框架,它不仅能为保护实践者提供信息,还能充分解决普遍存在的保护冲突。这些冲突源于人类被排斥在保护区之外,以及野生动物对人类居住区的侵占。【审阅:于潇雨】 Abstract Dzongeni wa Africa, kuhlangana ka vanhu na swiharhi ku engetele ka malembe khume a nga hundza leswi swi nga vanga hasa hasa ya madzolonga. Loko swiharhi na vanhu ka swi tirhisa ndzawu yin'we, kuhlanganisa mitlawa hikwayo kuna nkoka ka kuhlaisa swiharhi na mbangu hi ndlela yi hluvukisako. Hi langutisile madzolonga ya mbangu ka ndzawu ya Save Valley Conservancy (SVC), dzonga vuxa bya Zimbabwe. Hlayo wa swiendleko u tekiwe xikarhi ka tin'weti ta Dzivamusoko na Mudyaxihi 2020 hi ndlela ya timbulavulo na mitlawa ya vanhu na tiindavhiyu na vanhu va nga khetiwa. Tindzavisiso ta rixaka ra qualitative na quantitative ti tirhisiwe ka tirho lowu. Swi nga huma, swi kombe ku pfumaleka ka xikongomelo xi tirhako ka xi katsa vanhu va swienge na mitlawa yo hambana yi kumekako migangeni; swi nga swona swi vangako madzolonga ya mbangu ndzaweni ya SVC. Hi makumo swi komba ku kuhava ku ngenelela ku nga rhingana ka muganga na kambe kuhava mavonele man'we hitlhelo la tindlela ta matirhisele ya ndzawu SVC. Tsalwa leri ri tisa kucetelo lowu u nga kuhlanganisa mitlawa na swiyenge hikwaswo swa vanhu leswi swi pfunako vatirhi va mbangu na kukomba tixaka ta madzolonga a mbangu hi maendlekelo a wona lomu kutshamako vanhu. Plain Language Summary Local community engagement is key in conservation, as it provides a vital connection between communities and their environment. Such engagement promotes sustainable conservation, improves community participation and positively shapes local perception towards the stewardship of natural resources within their surroundings. The study identified a stakeholder engagement matrix that involves all key players in SVC, underscoring every stakeholder's significance and their impact on development in the study area. It suggests that local community engagement in the SVC needs to be enhanced. Furthermore, it advocates for all interested players to be equally involved and participate in all conservation initiatives and development programmes taking place in the SVC. 通俗语言摘要 当地社区的参与是保护工作的关键,因为它是社区与环境之间的重要纽带。这种参与促进可持续保护,提高社区参与度,并能积极塑造当地人对其周围自然资源的管理观念。本研究提出的利益相关方参与度矩阵,囊括了SVC的所有关键利益相关方,并强调了各方的重要性及其对研究区域的影响。结果表明,当地社区的参与度还需加强。此外,本研究还倡导所有利益相关方平等地参与SVC的 所有 保护措施和发展计划。 Nkatsakanyo (Plain language summary) Kuhlangana na vaakatiko va muganga kuna nkoka ka timhaka ta kuhlaisa mbangu tani hi leswi ku nyikako kudyetana ka vaakatiko na mbangu leswi swi humelerisako mahlaiselo a mbangu a yaka mahlweni na kambe ku endla ku vaakatiko va ngenelela ka mintirho ya ku hlaisa mbangu na mavonelo ka timhaka leti ta mbangu u nga va rhendzeleta. Tsalwa ri kombetile maendlele ya kuhlanganisa mitlawa lawa a ngenisako swienge swa vatirhela mbangu SVC ka ri komba nkoka wa tlawa un'wani na un'wani na leswi u yendlako ka hluvuko wa ndawu yi nga langutiwa. Tsalwa ri kucetela ku kuhlangana na mitlawa SVC kufanela ku atswisiwa na kambe hikwavo va nga na xo endla vafanele kunyikwa nkoka wo fanana ku va tirha kuhlaisa mbangu na mintirho ya hluvuko ndzaweni ya SVC. Practitioner points A strong relationship exists between local communities and the surrounding environment, indicating that biodiversity conservation efforts are likely to face challenges if they fail to include and actively engage the local people. Comprehensive stakeholder participation is vital in all biodiversity conservation processes. Local communities need to be integrated into conservation efforts within their zone of influence to enhance the success of biodiversity conservation projects. 实践者要点 当地社区与周围环境之间存在着密切的关系,这表明,如果生物多样性保护工作没有当地居民的积极参与,就有可能面临挑战。 利益相关方的全面参与对所有生物多样性保护工作都至关重要。 当地社区需要融入与其相关的保护工作,以促进生物多样性保护项目的成功。 Practitioner Points Ku na dyetano u nga tiya phakati ka vaakatiko na mbangu u nga va rhendzeleta na kambe mitirho ya kuhlaisa mbangu yi ta karhata loko yi nga ngenisi vaakatiko va ndzawu leyi. Kuntirhela ndzawu yin'we ka mitlawa ku na nkoka ka mintirho ya kuhlaisa mbangu. Vaakatiko va ndzawu leyi vafanela ku ngenisiwa ka matshala tshala ya kuhlaisa mbangu swi ka swi ya hileswi va endlako ku swi atswisa kuhumelela ka mintirho ya kuhlaisa mbangu.