| Morphogenesis Changes in Protocorm Development during Symbiotic Seed Germination of Dendrobium chrysotoxum (Orchidaceae) with Its Mycobiont, Tulasnella sp. | |
Gao, Xinzhen1,2 ; Wang, Yu1,3; Deng, Die4; Luo, Yinling4; Shao, Shicheng5; Luo, Yan1
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| 2023 | |
| Source Publication | HORTICULTURAE
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| ISSN | 2311-7524 |
| Volume | 9Issue:5Pages:531 |
| Abstract | The endangered epiphytic orchid, Dendrobium chrysotoxum, is known for its ornamental and medicinal uses. However, knowledge of this orchid's symbiotic seed germination, protocorm anatomy, and developmental morphology is completely unknown. In this study, we investigated the process of protocorm development of D. chrysotoxum during symbiotic germination using anatomical technologies and scanning electron microscopy. There are six development stages that were morphologically and anatomically defined during symbiotic seed germination. The embryo transformed into a protocorm at stage two, and a protrusion developed from the top of the protocorm at stage three and elongated to form the cotyledon at stage four. The stem apical meristem (SAM) was initiated at stage three and well developed at stage four. The first leaf and the root appeared at stages five and six, respectively. The hyphae entered through the micropylar end of the seed at stage one and then invaded the protocorm through rhizoids when rhizoids formed. Invading fungal hyphae colonized the inner cortex at the base of protocorms, formed pelotons, and were digested by host cells later. We conclude that protocorm development is programmed by the embryo, which determines the structure and function of the protocorm. The two developmental zones in a polarized D. chrysotoxum embryo include the smaller cells zone, which forms the cotyledon and a shoot apical meristem at the apical end, and the larger cells zone, which forms the mycorrhiza to house the symbiont at the basal end. These results will provide important insights for further research on the mechanisms underlying orchid-fungi symbiosis and enhance the understanding of orchid evolution. |
| Keyword | Dendrobium chrysotoxum anatomy protocorm development symbiotic seed germination mycorrhizal association Orchidaceae |
| Subject Area | Horticulture |
| DOI | 10.3390/horticulturae9050531 |
| Indexed By | SCI |
| Language | 英语 |
| WOS ID | WOS:000997104700001 |
| Citation statistics | |
| Document Type | 期刊论文 |
| Identifier | https://ir.xtbg.ac.cn/handle/353005/13659 |
| Collection | 2012年后新成立研究组 |
| Affiliation | 1.Chinese Acad Sci, Southeast Asia Biodivers Res Inst, Mengla 666303, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Integrat Conservat, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Mengla 666303, Peoples R China 3.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China 4.Southwest Forestry Univ, Sch Landscape Architecture, Kunming 650224, Peoples R China 5.Puer Univ, Coll Biol & Chem, Puer 665000, Peoples R China 6.Chinese Acad Sci, CAS Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Mengla 666303, Peoples R China |
| Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | Gao, Xinzhen,Wang, Yu,Deng, Die,et al. Morphogenesis Changes in Protocorm Development during Symbiotic Seed Germination of Dendrobium chrysotoxum (Orchidaceae) with Its Mycobiont, Tulasnella sp.[J]. HORTICULTURAE,2023,9(5):531. |
| APA | Gao, Xinzhen,Wang, Yu,Deng, Die,Luo, Yinling,Shao, Shicheng,&Luo, Yan.(2023).Morphogenesis Changes in Protocorm Development during Symbiotic Seed Germination of Dendrobium chrysotoxum (Orchidaceae) with Its Mycobiont, Tulasnella sp..HORTICULTURAE,9(5),531. |
| MLA | Gao, Xinzhen,et al."Morphogenesis Changes in Protocorm Development during Symbiotic Seed Germination of Dendrobium chrysotoxum (Orchidaceae) with Its Mycobiont, Tulasnella sp.".HORTICULTURAE 9.5(2023):531. |
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