Institutional Repository of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden
| 缅甸豆科黄檀属植物的分类修订 | |
| Alternative Title | Taxonomic Revision of the genus Dalbergi (Fabaceae) in Myanmar |
| Pyae Pyae Win | |
| Thesis Advisor | 郁文彬 |
| 2020 | |
| Degree Grantor | 中国科学院大学 |
| Place of Conferral | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 |
| Degree Name | 理学硕士 |
| Degree Discipline | 植物学 |
| Keyword | 豆科，黄檀属，缅甸，系统发育，分类学 |
| Abstract | 黄檀属（Dalbergia L. f.）隶属于豆科（Leguminosae）豆亚科（Faboideae）或蝶形花亚科（Papilionoideae）的黄檀族（Dalbergieae），约有 250 种，分布于热带、亚热带地区。黄檀属植物中有许多用材树种因其重要的经济价值，长期以来遭到森林砍伐、非法盗伐等因素的威胁。迄今我们对黄檀属植物物种的分布现状和威胁因素了解甚少，而且黄檀属植物物种鉴定依赖于专家，这些因素阻碍了黄檀属植物的保护研究。2003年出版的缅甸维管植物名录记录了缅甸维管植物11800种以上，其中有黄檀属植物43种。缅甸位于东南亚次大陆，部分地区属于印度—缅甸生物多样性热点地区。尽管缅甸拥有非常高的生物多样性，有热带雨林、沿海红树林和亚热带山地森林等，但是各种因素限制了缅甸生物多样性领域的研究，其研究水平要落后于邻近国家。本研究是自1877年英属缅甸森林植物志之后，首次针对缅甸黄檀属植物开展的多样性、分类修订及系统学等研究，填补了东南亚黄檀属植物分类学研究空白。研究结果将有助于增进对缅甸黄檀属的了解，为缅甸黄檀属资源的保护利用提供科学依据。为了厘清缅甸黄檀属的物种多样性，我们对8个具有代表性的地区开展野外调查，共采集了150份标本，将分别存放于中国西双版纳热带植物园（HITBC）和缅甸林业研究所（RAF）。我们基于野外考察，并细致按研究HITBC和RAF馆藏标本，并结合伦敦自然历史博物馆（BM），爱丁堡皇家植物园（E），，邱园（K）和巴黎的国家自然历史博物馆（P）馆藏标本及数字化标本进行分类学研究。基于对标本材料的广泛研究和比较，现在确认缅甸黄檀属植物36种，代表所有认可的五个组，其中D. wattii是缅甸的新记录，并发现了一个疑似新种。基于主要形态鉴别特征，我们新编了缅甸36种黄檀属植物的检索表，并提供每个分类群的详细描述、分布、生境以及分类处理等。此外，我们从黄檀属中选择了21个样本进行全基因组浅层测序，对其叶绿体基因组进行组装及分析。通过对其叶绿体基因组大小、结构和基因含量进行分析，发现黄檀属的叶绿体基因组为典型的四分体结构（即一个大单拷贝，一个小单拷贝和两个反向重复区域），基因组的大小变化范围为153,130 bp至158,269 bp。比较分析表明，黄檀属的叶绿体基因组在结构和基因含量上保守，4个叶绿体片段rpl32-ndhF、rpl32-trnLUAG、trnLUAA和trnTACA-trnLUAA是具有高的核苷酸多样，可作为DNA条形码和系统发育分析。进一步系统发育分析发现降香黄檀（D. odorifera）、海南黄檀（D. hainanensis）构成姐妹分支，奥氏黄檀（D. oliveri）和秧青（D. assamica）构成姐妹分支。 本研究基于形态学和分子系统学对缅甸黄檀属植物开展分类修订，初步构建了缅甸黄檀属植物系统发育框架。研究结果显示叶绿体基因组数据科为黄檀属植物甚至豆科植物的遗传多样性和系统发育提供了非常重要的信息。综上所述，本研究全面修订了缅甸黄檀属物种组成，新编了物种鉴定检索表，并初步构建了黄檀属植物质体基因组的系统发育框架。 |
| Other Abstract | Dalbergia L. f., with around 250 species, is a large genus of the legume family (Fabaceae). This genus belongs to tribe Dalbergieae of subfamily Faboideae (or Papilionoideae) and is distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Many Dalbergia species are valuable timbers traded in the market, which have driven threats by illegal logging and deforestation. Unfortunately, there is limited knowledge on distributions and threats, and it is difficult to identify the wood and/or vegetative materials to species without specialists. Myanmar is situated in mainland Southeast Asia, being included in Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot. Although Myanmar is well endowed with biodiversity-rich areas such as tropical rainforest, coastal mangrove forest, and subtropical montane forest, the biodiversity research has still lagged other neighboring countries. There are over 11,800 species of vascular plants recorded in Myanmar. Of them, 43 species of Dalbergia have been recognized. My current research will critically revise species diversity of Dalbergia in Myanmar for the first time after the Forest flora of British Burma (1877). This study is a comprehensive taxonomic revision of Dalbergia in Myanmar, which will fill the floristic gap in SE Asia. To clarify the species diversity of Dalbergia in Myanmar, field explorations in various sites covering eight representative regions were carried out, and 150 specimens were collected. Specimens conserved at herbaria of Xishuangbanna Botanical Garden, Chinese Acdaemy of Sciences (HITBC) in China and Forest Research Institute (RAF) in Myanmar were carefully examined. Furthermore, online specimen images from herbaria of Natural History Museum, London (BM), Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh (E), Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K), and Museum National d‟Histoire Naturelle, Paris (P) were also investigated carefully. Based on extensive examinations and comparisons on Dalbergia materials, we have confirmed that there were 36 Dalbergia species from all five sections to be present. Of them, D. wattii is newly recorded to flora of Myanmar. We generate a new diagnostic key for all Dalbergia species in Myanmar, and provive detailed description, distribution, habitat of each taxon, as well as taxonomic treatments. Moreoever, we newly sequenced and de novo assembled chloroplast genomes from 21 samples of Dalbergia. The whole plastome of Dalbergia was a typical quadripartite structure (one large sigle-copy, one small single-copy, and two inverted repeat regions) and varied from 153,130 bp to 158,269bp in szie. Comparative analyses showed Dalbergia plastomes were conserved in structure and gene contents. Four nucleotide diversity hotspots of Dalbergia genomes were rpl32-ndhF, rpl32-trnLUAG, trnLUAA, and trnTACA-trnLUAA. Phylogenetic relationship of 27 accessions of Dalbergia spp. has assessed and compared for the taxonomic identification and classification based on molecular phylogeny. The complete plastomes provides the important information for investigations on conservation genetics and phylogenies of Dalbergia and Fabaceae. In summary, we have fully revised the checklist of Dalbergia in Myanmar and rebuilt a preliminary plastid phylogenomic framework of Dalbergia in this study. Key words: Dalbergia, Fabaceae, Myanmar, Phylogeny, Taxonomy |
| Pages | 139 |
| Language | 中文 |
| Document Type | 学位论文 |
| Identifier | https://ir.xtbg.ac.cn/handle/353005/11714 |
| Collection | 西双版纳热带植物园毕业生学位论文 |
| Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | Pyae Pyae Win. 缅甸豆科黄檀属植物的分类修订[D]. 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园. 中国科学院大学,2020. |
| Files in This Item: | ||||||
| File Name/Size | DocType | Version | Access | License | ||
| PYAE PYAE WIN.pdf（11148KB） | 学位论文 | 开放获取 | CC BY-NC-SA | Application Full Text | ||
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